/* Minimum Priority Queue
* It is a part of heap data structure
* A heap is a specific tree based data structure
* in which all the nodes of tree are in a specific order.
* that is the children are arranged in some
* respect of their parents, can either be greater
* or less than the parent. This makes it a min priority queue
* or max priority queue.
*/

// Functions: insert, delete, peek, isEmpty, print, heapSort, sink

class MinPriorityQueue {
  // calls the constructor and initializes the capacity
  constructor (c) {
    this.heap = []
    this.capacity = c
    this.size = 0
  }

  // inserts the key at the end and rearranges it
  // so that the binary heap is in appropriate order
  insert (key) {
    if (this.isFull()) return
    this.heap[this.size + 1] = key
    let k = this.size + 1
    while (k > 1) {
      if (this.heap[k] < this.heap[Math.floor(k / 2)]) {
        const temp = this.heap[k]
        this.heap[k] = this.heap[Math.floor(k / 2)]
        this.heap[Math.floor(k / 2)] = temp
      }
      k = Math.floor(k / 2)
    }
    this.size++
  }

  // returns the highest priority value
  peek () {
    return this.heap[1]
  }

  // returns boolean value whether the heap is empty or not
  isEmpty () {
    return this.size === 0
  }

  // returns boolean value whether the heap is full or not
  isFull () {
    if (this.size === this.capacity) return true
    return false
  }

  // prints the heap
  print () {
    console.log(this.heap.slice(1))
  }

  // heap sorting can be done by performing
  // delete function to the number of times of the size of the heap
  // it returns reverse sort because it is a min priority queue
  heapSort () {
    for (let i = 1; i < this.capacity; i++) {
      this.delete()
    }
  }

  // this function reorders the heap after every delete function
  sink () {
    let k = 1
    while (2 * k <= this.size || 2 * k + 1 <= this.size) {
      let minIndex
      if (this.heap[2 * k] >= this.heap[k]) {
        if (2 * k + 1 <= this.size && this.heap[2 * k + 1] >= this.heap[k]) {
          break
        } else if (2 * k + 1 > this.size) {
          break
        }
      }
      if (2 * k + 1 > this.size) {
        minIndex = this.heap[2 * k] < this.heap[k] ? 2 * k : k
      } else {
        if (
          this.heap[k] > this.heap[2 * k] ||
          this.heap[k] > this.heap[2 * k + 1]
        ) {
          minIndex =
            this.heap[2 * k] < this.heap[2 * k + 1] ? 2 * k : 2 * k + 1
        } else {
          minIndex = k
        }
      }
      const temp = this.heap[k]
      this.heap[k] = this.heap[minIndex]
      this.heap[minIndex] = temp
      k = minIndex
    }
  }

  // deletes the highest priority value from the heap
  delete () {
    const min = this.heap[1]
    this.heap[1] = this.heap[this.size]
    this.heap[this.size] = min
    this.size--
    this.sink()
    return min
  }
}

// testing
const q = new MinPriorityQueue(8)

q.insert(5)
q.insert(2)
q.insert(4)
q.insert(1)
q.insert(7)
q.insert(6)
q.insert(3)
q.insert(8)
q.print() // [ 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 6, 4, 8 ]
q.heapSort()
q.print() // [ 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 ]