name = input("what is name ?")
print('HI ' +name)

name = input('what is your birthyear ? ')
year = 2019 -int(name);
print(year)

#type 

print(type(name))

weight = input("what is weight ")
final = int(weight)*0.45
print(final)

#if want to use this type statement -> year's then we have to use double quotes ""
string = "you're awesome"
print(string)

# if want to assign "important msg" like this we have to use single quote  ''
str = 'im "Hritik"'
print(str)

# for multitline string ''' % ''' for sending mail 

mail = '''
        Hii buddy 

        im Hritik 

        you look awesome 

        thank you,
 '''

print(mail)

course = 'python beginners'
print(course[0])
print(course[-2])
print(course[0:])
print(course[:])
print(course[:5])
print(course[0:5])
print(course[1:3]) #exclude 3 only takes 1,2

print(course[1:-1]) # exclude -1 

#length of string including space
c = 'hii buddy'
print(len(c))

#various function 
msg = 'python is very imp lang'
print(msg.lower())
print(msg.upper())
print(msg.count('i'))
print(msg.find('t'))
print(msg.title())
print(msg.replace('is','are'))

#ordering 
# exp > (mul or div) > (add or sub)
exp = 10 + 3*2**2
print(exp)

#Math function
# 1) round
x = 6.5
y = 7.66
print(round(x))
print(round(y))

# 2) abs -> return positive no.
x = -3.5
print(abs(x))

# 3) Mathametical function
import math
pi = 3.142
math.cos((60*pi)/180)

# ceil and floor
print(math.ceil(2.9))
print(math.floor(2.9))

#thier are many more maths module

#if statement

x = 5
y = 10

if (x>y):
    print("truee")
elif (x==y):
    print("falsee")
else:
    print("nothing")
    
print(f"SUM OF X AND Y : {x+y}")

x = "Hii"
y = 'Hritik {}'
z = 'Jaiswal'
print(f"sum of string is x + y : {x+y}")
print(y.format(z))

# we can use 'and' & 'or' in if statement
a=2 
b=3
c=4
if (a<b) and (c>b):
    print('True')
elif (a==b) or (c>a):
    print('Truee')
elif (b>a) and not(b>c):
    print('Trueee')
else:
    print('false')
    

#Exercise

weight = int(input('Weight :'))
unit = input('(L)bs or (K)g')
if unit.lower()=='l' or unit.upper()=='L':
    c = weight*0.45;
else:
    c = weight/0.45;
print(c)

#while

i=1
while (i<5):
    print('*'*i)
    i+=1
    

#for loop
for item in 'Teacher':
    print(item)

for i in ['hii','buddy ','whats','up']:
    print(i)
print('-----------------')
for i in range(4):
    print(i)
print('-----------------')
for i in range(2,8):
    print(i)
print('-----------------')
for i in range(2,8,3):
    print(i)
print('-----------------')
for i in [5,6,7,8]:
    print(i)

r = [2,3,4,5]
total = 0
for i in r:
    total+=i
print(total)
print('-----------')
r = [2,3,4,5]
e = sum(r)
print(e)

for i in range(4):
    for j in range(3):
        print(f'({i},{j})')

#array
num = [1,2,3,4,5]
for i in num:
    print('$'*i)

name = ['ab ','ac','ad','ae']
print(name[0])
print(name[-1])

#2D-List 
matrix = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
for i in matrix:
    print(i)
print('-----print individual item-----')
for i in matrix:
    for j in i:
        print(j)

#working with function 
# 1.append 2.insert 3.remove 4.pop 5.clear
number = [2,3,4,6]
print('-----Append---------')
number.append(9)
print(number)
print('-----Insert---------')
number.insert(2,8)
print(number)
print('-----Remove---------')
number.remove(8)
print(number)
print('-----pop---------')
number.pop()
print(number)
print('-----clear---------')
number.clear()
print(number)

#index 
list_item = [2,4,6,7,2,4]
print(list_item.index(6))
print(list_item.count(2))

# 1.sort 2.reverse 
item = [3,5,2,8,1]
item.sort()
print(item)
item.reverse()
print(item)

#list will update if we changing list item before calling copy function ,
# but list will not be change when u are appending and deleting after copy function
a = [2,3,4,5]
b = a.copy()
a.append(10)
print(b)

#excercise -> remove a duplicate no. from the list
numbers = [2,3,4,4,3,5]
unique = []

for i in numbers:
    if i not in unique:
        unique.append(i)
        
print(unique)

#tuple -> we can not append , remove , pop , insert , u can not modify your list .
#only thing u can do -> count , index a item in list

## The main diffrence between tuple and list is :- tuple is immutable and list is mutable
## that mean we can not change tuple value by modifying it but in list we can do that.
number = (1,2,3)
print(number[0])

# this will throw error :
# number[0] = 5

{1,2,3}

# display unique value 
{1,1,4,2,2,5}

set([1,2,4,4,8,8,4])

# add value to the set
s = {1,2,3}
s.add(5)

s

def times(var):
    return var*2;
    

times(2)

seq = [1,2,3]

list(map(times,seq))

# instead of writing like this we can write 
# def times(var):
#     return var*2;

t = lambda var : var*2

t(3)

list(map(t,seq))

list(map(lambda num : num %2 ==0,seq))

list(filter(lambda num : num %2 ==0,seq))

#unpacking
coordinates = [2,3,4]
# x = coordinates[0]
# y = coordinates[1]
# z = coordinates[2]
# instead of writing like this we can write 
x,y,z = coordinates  #unpacking -> work with both list and tuple
print(x)

#Dictionaries -> contain key - value pairs 

people = {
    "name" :"Hritik Jaiswal",
    "age" : 19,
    "is_male" : True
}
print(people["name"])

# u can not write like -> print(people["Name"])
# we can use GET method to take key-value pair if its not present and display key value pair 
print(people.get("birth","may 31 2000"))
print(people.get("gender"))   #None -> is the object that represent absence of the value

people["name"] = "HritiK Dinesh Jaiswal"  # modify name
print(people.get("name"))

#excersice -> inuput 1234 display output : one two three four
phone =  input("phone : ")

dict  = {
    "1" :"One",
    "2":"Two",
    "3" :"Three",
    "4" :"Four",
    "5" :"Five",
    "6" :"Six",
    "7" :"Seven",
    "8" :"Eight",
    "9" :"Nine",
    "0" :"zero",
}
output = "" 
for i in phone:
    
    output += (dict.get(i,"?")) + " " 
    print(i)
print(output) 

#excerisce -> opposite 
words = ["one", "two","three","four","five","six", "seven","eight","nine","zero"]

word = input("Enter the word : ")
mapping  = {
    "one":"1", 
    "two":"2",
    "three":"3",
    "four":"4",
    "five":"5",
    "six":"6", 
    "seven":"7",
    "eight":"8",
    "nine":"9",
    "zero":"0"
}
spliting = word.split()
print(spliting)
for i in spliting:
    print(mapping.get(i,"&"))
    
    

#excersice -> print emoji
message = input(">")
words= message.split()
emoji = {
    ":)" :"😄",
    ":(" :"😔"
}
output = ""
for i in words:
    output += emoji.get(i,i) + " "
    
print(output)

#function
def text():
    print("im hritik")
print("hii")
text()

#function with parameter
#parameter ->is placeholder that we passed to the function
#argumetnt -> is actual value that u gone pass inside function
def text(f_name, l_name):
    print(f'Hii {f_name} and {l_name}')
print("thanks")
text('hritik','jaiswal')

#keyword argument -> its helpful when u don't want to pass argument in order u can pass in any order 
def text(discount , shipping ,total ):
    print(f'Here total is {total} including shipping charges {shipping} + discount {discount}')
print("hello")
text(shipping=2000,total=5000,discount=500)

#return statement 
def square(num):
    return num*num
result = square(5)
print(result)
    

#tric -> if u don't write return statement then it will return object which is : none 
def cube(n):
    print(n**3)
print(cube(3))

#exception -> when we try to input string value instead of int 
# age = int(input("your age"))
# print(age)

try:
    age = int(input("your age : "))
    print(age)
except ValueError:
    print('invalid value')

try:
    age = int(input("your age : "))
    income = 20000
    risk = float(income/age);
    print(f'risk is {risk}')
except ValueError and ZeroDivisionError:
    print("invalid value or age can't be negative ")

#class 
# 1) type -1

class rect:
    def rect_area(self):
        print("area")
p = rect()
p.rect_area()

# 2) type -2
class Employee:
    def __init__(self, first, last , salary):
        self.first = first
        self.last = last
        self.salary = salary
        self.email = first + '.'+last +'@gmail.com'
    
    def fullname(self):
        return "{} {}".format(self.first,self.last)

emp1 = Employee('Hritik','Jaiswal',5000)
emp2 = Employee('Aniket','Jaiswal',6000)

#their are two methods 
print(emp1.fullname())
print(Employee.fullname(emp1))
              

# 3) type -3
class Point:
    def __init__(self,a,l,h):
        self.a = a
        self.l = l
        self.h = h
        
    def square(self):
        print(f"area of square :{self.a*self.a}")
    
    def rectangle(self):
        print("area of rectangle is : {}".format(self.l*self.h))
    

#create a object 
point1 = Point(3,2,3)
point1.square()
point1.rectangle()

#inheritance -> dog and cat are inherite a class mammel
class mammel:
    def walk(self):
        print("walk")

class dog(mammel):
    def bark(self):
        print("bark")

class cat(mammel):
    pass

dog1 = dog()
dog1.bark()

cat1 = cat()
cat1.walk()

#module -> module.ipynb file which we have created we can directly import function also
#we need to install from anaconda prompt -> pip install import-ipynb
import import_ipynb

import module
from module import cm2m

cm2m(100)
m2cm

numbers = [5,4,6,8,10]
print(max(numbers))
print(min(numbers))

import random

for i in range(3):
    print(random.random())

for i in range(3):
    print(random.randint(10,20))

# randomly choose the value 
members = ['hritik', 'jaiswal','aniket','shweta']
show = random.choice(members)
print(show)

#excercise -> dice thrown give random value

class Dice:
    def roll(self):
        x = (1,2,3,4,5,6)
        y = (1,2,3,4,5,6)
        m = random.choice(x)
        l = random.choice(y)
        print("({},{})".format(m,l))
        

r = Dice()
r.roll()

# another method

class Dice:
    def roll(self):
        first = random.randint(1,6)
        second = random.randint(1,6)
        return first,second
dice = Dice()
print(dice.roll())

from pathlib import Path
path = Path(".")
print(path.exists())


#if u want to make new directory

# path1 = Path("Files_Directories")
# path1.mkdir()

#when u want to remove directory
#path.rmdir()

path2 = Path()
for file in path2.glob("*.ipynb"):
    print(file)

path3 = Path()
for file in path3.glob("*"):
    print(file)

import openpyxl as xl
from openpyxl.chart import BarChart,Reference

# Here openpyxl -> package , chart -> module , BarChart -> class
#instead of passing a file name ->  we can use function and store the path in "filename" variable and pass as argument to function 

wb = xl.load_workbook(r'C:\Users\Hritik Jaiswal\Downloads\Spreadsheet\transactions.xlsx')
sheet = wb['Sheet1']


#method to get a cell 

cell = sheet['a1']
#another method ->   cell = sheet.cell(1,1)

print(cell.value)
#print max row
print(sheet.max_row)

#we have to modify value of the cell and store into another excel file

for row in range(2,sheet.max_row+1):
    cell = sheet.cell(row,3)  # column is 3
    print(cell.value)
    corrected_value = cell.value * 0.9
    
    #now we have to place a corrected value into anther column 
    corrected_value_cell = sheet.cell(row,4)  #add corrected value into the 4 column
    
    corrected_value_cell.value = corrected_value
#Excersice 

# u have to create a bar graph in excel


values = Reference(sheet, 
          
          min_row=2,max_row = sheet.max_row,
         
          min_col = 4 , max_col = 4
         )

chart = BarChart()
chart.add_data(values)
sheet.add_chart(chart, 'f2')


wb.save("transaction2.xlsx")

#Importing a data set
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('vgsales.csv')
df.shape

df.describe()

df.values

import pandas as pd

data = pd.read_csv('music.csv')
data

data.describe()

# we will create two input data set that will be 'age' and 'gender'
# we will pass 'age' and 'gender' and based on the input we predict the output 
# output will be stored in 'genre' 

X = data.drop(columns=['genre'])

Y = data['genre']

from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier

model = DecisionTreeClassifier()
# takes two attributes 1. input dataset 2. output dataset
model.fit(X,Y)


#let make a prediction by passing input Here 22 is age and 0 is female

prediction = model.predict([[22,0],[25,1]])
prediction

# for calculating the accuracy we need to test and train the model 
# generally 70-80% data need to training and 20-30% for testing

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split 

# Here we use 20% for testing and check with respect to the predicted value
# the function will return 4 tuple we have to get that result into a variable 

X_train,X_test,Y_train,Y_test = train_test_split(X,Y,test_size = 0.5)
print(X_train)
model.fit(X_train,Y_train)

# we pass input as X_test in attribute
prediction = model.predict(X_test)

# now to check accurancy we have to compair the prediction with y_test()
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score

score = accuracy_score(Y_test,prediction)
print("Accuracy is : {}".format(score))

#every time we run are model accuracy will be changing

# u can see a graph i.e decision tree on visual studio code 
# by clicking a sidebar preview button
    
from sklearn import tree
tree.export_graphviz(model,
                    out_file = "music-recommender.dot",
                    class_names = sorted(Y.unique()),
                    label = 'all',
                    rounded =True ,
                    filled= True
                    )